BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Carrier proteins and channel proteins are the two major classes of membrane transport proteins. Carrier proteins (also called carriers, permeases, or transporters) bind the specific solute to be transported and undergo a series of conformational changes to transfer the bound solute across the membrane (Figure 11-3).

Detailed explanation-2: -Channel proteins, gated channel proteins, and carrier proteins are three types of transport proteins that are involved in facilitated diffusion. A channel protein, a type of transport protein, acts like a pore in the membrane that lets water molecules or small ions through quickly.

Detailed explanation-3: -Channel proteins span the membrane and make hydrophilic tunnels across it, allowing their target molecules to pass through by diffusion. Channels are very selective and will accept only one type of molecule (or a few closely related molecules) for transport.

Detailed explanation-4: -Carrier proteins bind specific molecules to be transported on one side of the membrane. They then undergo conformational changes that allow the molecule to pass through the membrane and be released on the other side.

Detailed explanation-5: -Primary active transport uses carrier proteins, while secondary active transport uses channel proteins.