BOTANY
BIOTECHNOLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The bacteria have been grown on a petri dish containing insulin.
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The bacteria have been genetically engineered to contain the DNA needed to produce insulin.
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The bacteria have been exposed to radioactivity to create mutant strains capable of producing insulin.
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The bacteria have been grown on a petri dish containing sugar; the bacteria produce insulin in response to the sugar.
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Detailed explanation-1: -This process is called recombinant technology. The bacterial DNA now contains the human insulin gene and is inserted into a bacteria. When the bacterial cells reproduce, the human insulin gene is also reproduced in the cells and produces protein by transcription and translation process.
Detailed explanation-2: -Recombinant DNA is a technology scientists developed that made it possible to insert a human gene into the genetic material of a common bacterium. This “recombinant” micro-organism could now produce the protein encoded by the human gene. Scientists build the human insulin gene in the laboratory.
Detailed explanation-3: -Recombinant human insulin has been produced predominantly using E. coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae for therapeutic use in human.
Detailed explanation-4: -Synthetic human insulin was the first golden molecule of the biotech industry and the direct result of recombinant DNA technology. Currently, millions of diabetics worldwide use synthetic insulin to regulate their blood sugar levels. Synthetic insulin is made in both bacteria and yeast.
Detailed explanation-5: -In 1978, a version of the human gene that encodes insulin was cloned and introduced into E. coli. The bacteria were shown to produce a form of human insulin. Within 4 years, bacteria-produced insulin was commercially available as a treatment for diabetes.