BOTANY

Detailed explanation-1: -Genetically modified bacteria are used to produce large amounts of proteins for industrial use. Generally the bacteria are grown to a large volume before the gene encoding the protein is activated. The bacteria are then harvested and the desired protein purified from them.

Detailed explanation-2: -We use bacteria as protein factories Bacteria can translate foreign genes into proteins – and scientists have ways to ensure that the bacteria make the proteins in large amounts. For these reasons, bacteria can function as ‘protein factories’, producing medically important proteins and others.

Detailed explanation-3: -key microbes currently used in genetic engineering in healthcare and research institutes are précised herewith. coli (E. coli) has been used as a host for introduced DNA sequences.

Detailed explanation-4: -So, the correct answer is ‘Escherichia and Agrobacterium’