BOTANY
BIOTECHNOLOGY
Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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therapeutics
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transposons
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telophase
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thyllakoid
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Detailed explanation-1: -Human mobile elements can be categorized as DNA transposons or retrotransposons. DNA transposons move by a cut-and-paste mechanism, while retrotransposons mobilize by a copy-and-paste mechanism via an RNA intermediate, a process called retrotransposition.
Detailed explanation-2: -DNA transposons are a major class of mobile elements (Fig. 1). They are active in many lower organisms, including bacteria, 6 but have been inactivated by mutations and can no longer transpose in humans. However, transposon-derived sequences have been repurposed over evolutionary time and affect human biology.
Detailed explanation-3: -Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) are segments of DNA that encode enzymes and other proteins that mediate the movement of DNA within genomes (intracellular mobility) or between bacterial cells (intercellular mobility).
Detailed explanation-4: -Transposons: These are DNA sequences that can move and replicate in different parts of a cell’s genome. Also called “jumping genes", they can be transferred horizontally between organisms that live in symbiosis.
Detailed explanation-5: -Transposable elements (TEs), also known as “jumping genes” or transposons, are sequences of DNA that move (or jump) from one location in the genome to another. Maize geneticist Barbara McClintock discovered TEs in the 1940s, and for decades thereafter, most scientists dismissed transposons as useless or “junk” DNA.