BOTANY

Detailed explanation-1: -However, modern biotechnology involving genetic engineering and cell manipulation, has been with us for roughly four decades. It was kickstarted in 1973, when scientists first genetically engineered Escherichia coli bacteria to introduce a foreign gene that made them resistant to an antibiotic.

Detailed explanation-2: -The term biotechnology was used for the first time by Karl Erkey, a Hungarian Engineer, in 1919.

Detailed explanation-3: -Gregor Mendel, through his work on pea plants, discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance. He deduced that genes come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units, one from each parent. Mendel tracked the segregation of parental genes and their appearance in the offspring as dominant or recessive traits.

Detailed explanation-4: -Earliest examples of biotechnology The earliest example of biotechnology is the domestication of plants and animals. Domestication began over 10, 000 years ago when our ancestors started keeping plants as a reliable source of food.