BOTANY

Detailed explanation-1: -Agrobacterium tumifaciens is a soil bacterium that, as part of its natural pathogenesis, injects its own tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid into cells of a host plant.

Detailed explanation-2: -A transgenic microorganism is a microbe, usually a bacterium, into which genetic information has been introduced from the outside and which possesses the ability to pass that information on to subsequent generations in a stable manner.

Detailed explanation-3: -Examples of Transgenic Plants Bt cotton: Bt cotton is a genetically modified crop that is resistant to pest bollworm. Flavr Savr: Flavr Savr is a genetically modified tomato crop that has a longer shelf life due to delays in ripening and softening.

Detailed explanation-4: -An example of transgenic bacteria is E. coli. In the plasmid of E. coli, the two DNA sequences corresponding to A and B chain of human insulin are inserted, so as to produce the respective human insulin chains.