BOTANY

Detailed explanation-1: -Humus is dark, organic material that forms in soil when plant and animal matter decays. When plants drop leaves, twigs, and other material to the ground, it piles up. This material is called leaf litter.

Detailed explanation-2: -The topsoil layer is a mixture of sand, silt, clay and broken down organic matter, called humus. Humus is rich, highly decomposed organic matter mostly made from dead plants, crunched-up leaves, dead insects and twigs. Topsoil is the home of living things and the materials that they make or they change.

Detailed explanation-3: -Humus (O horizon)-Humus is the topmost layer. It is the dark, nutrient-rich layer which can be very thick in some geologic areas and from thin to nonexistent in others. This layer consists of decayed plants and animals along with microorganisms.

Detailed explanation-4: -Humus is the dead and decaying bits of animals and plants present in the topmost layer of soil.

Detailed explanation-5: -Fungi release enzymes that decompose dead plants and animals. Fungi absorb nutrients from the organisms they are decomposing! There are over 50, 000 species of fungi. Most fungi are very, very small!