BOTANY

Detailed explanation-1: -This type of succession is rapid because the soil is already in place. The pioneer species in secondary succession are plants such as grasses, birch trees, and fireweed.

Detailed explanation-2: -The labels I-VII represent the different stages of primary succession. I-bare rocks, II-pioneers (mosses, lichen, algae, fungi), III-annual herbaceous plants, IV-perennial herbaceous plants and grasses, V-shrubs, VI-shade intolerant trees, VII-shade tolerant trees.

Detailed explanation-3: -Early successional communities are those that establish themselves relatively quickly after disturbance, while late successional communities are those that establish themselves much later.

Detailed explanation-4: -Primary succession begins when no plant life is present on the landscape, such as after a lava flow or glacial retreat. Over centuries, soil forms and deepens and successive communities of plants grow.

Detailed explanation-5: -Grasses and other herbaceous plants grow back first. Small bushes and trees begin to colonize the public area.