BOTANY

Detailed explanation-1: -Soil is a mixture of stones, water, and bits of dead plants. It is also full of millions of microorganisms. Microorganisms are too small to see. Soil is formed over many years.

Detailed explanation-2: -When plants and animals die, they become food for decomposers like bacteria, fungi and earthworms. Decomposers or saprotrophs recycle dead plants and animals into chemical nutrients like carbon and nitrogen that are released back into the soil, air and water.

Detailed explanation-3: -Humus is the layer formed on soil due to the decomposition of dead plants and animals by microbes.

Detailed explanation-4: -An astonishing array of invertebrates like insects, worms, and millipedes eat all that dead plant material. Called detritivores, these animals help break up larger pieces of vegetation into smaller pieces, resulting in more surface area for fungus and bacteria to continue the work of decomposition.