BOTANY

Detailed explanation-1: -The correct answer is mutation breeding: Plant breeding is the technique used to improve the variety of plants for human welfare. Introduction, selection, hybridization and mutation breeding are the main methods of crop improvement along with polyploid breeding, tissue culture and genetic engineering.

Detailed explanation-2: -Plant mutation breeding, also called variation breeding, is a method that uses physical radiation or chemical means to induce spontaneous genetic variation in plants to develop new crop varieties. “Mutation” is the source of most genetic variation and the motor of evolution.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cross-hybridization among Selected Parents This is a tedious and time-consuming practice carried out in the conventional fashion of introducing pollen from one plant to the stigma of the other.

Detailed explanation-4: -These methods include introduction, selection, mutation breeding, polyploidy breeding and hybridization etc.

Detailed explanation-5: -The process of mutation breeding involves inducing mutations artificially through use of chemicals or radiations (like gamma radiations) and selecting plants that have the desirable character as a source in breeding. In mung bean, resistance to yellow mosaic virus and powdery mildew were induced by mutations.