BOTANY

Detailed explanation-1: -Both hermaphrodite and monoecious species have the potential for self-pollination leading to self-fertilization unless there is a mechanism to avoid it. 80% of all flowering plants are hermaphroditic, meaning they contain both sexes in the same flower, while 5 percent of plant species are monoecious.

Detailed explanation-2: -Self-pollination – Self-pollination can only take place in monoecious species, where there are both male and female plant parts on the same plant. However, although a species may be monoecious, that does not mean that the plants will be self-pollinated. Walnuts are a great example of this.

Detailed explanation-3: -Many, but not all, crops are self-pollinating. This includes: beans), broccoli, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, corn, kohlrabi, onions, and peppers. Fruit trees also self-pollinate including apples, cherries, peaches, and pears.

Detailed explanation-4: -The reproductive capacities of dioecious plant species may be limited by severe pollen limitation and narrow seed shadows for the two reasons. First, they are unable to self‐pollinate, and seed production occurs only with pollinator movement from males to females.

Detailed explanation-5: -Autogamy, or self-fertilization, refers to the fusion of two gametes that come from one individual. Autogamy is predominantly observed in the form of self-pollination, a reproductive mechanism employed by many flowering plants.