CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Skinner in his theory of operant conditioning. In positive reinforcement, a response or behavior is strengthened by rewards, leading to the repetition of desired behavior. The reward is a reinforcing stimulus. Skinner showed how positive reinforcement worked by placing a hungry rat in his Skinner box.

Detailed explanation-2: -(a) B. F. Skinner developed operant conditioning for systematic study of how behaviors are strengthened or weakened according to their consequences. (b) In a Skinner box, a rat presses a lever in an operant conditioning chamber to receive a food reward.

Detailed explanation-3: -The purpose of the Skinner box is to analyze animal behavior by detecting when an animal has performed a desired behavior and then administering a reward, thus determining how long it takes the animal to learn to perform the behavior.

Detailed explanation-4: -This dual chamber was used to study the collaborative behavior of pigeons. B. F. Skinner invented this type of operant conditioning chamber when he was a graduate student at Harvard circa 1930, although his work with pigeons did not begin until WWII. The apparatus became known as a Skinner box.