CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Parents and other caregivers can use rewards and punishments to try to influence a child’s behavior. Believed in a pyramid-shaped Hierarchy of Needs . He said that for personal growth, needs must be met in order: Physiological, safety, love and belonging, and self-esteem. Self-actualization is the highest.

Detailed explanation-2: -Skinner (1953/2005) argued that the effects of punishment on behavior were immediate or temporary, that is, punishment did not have long-term effects. He affirmed that based on at least one experiment published in 1938 (Experiment II).

Detailed explanation-3: -B.F Skinner (1904-1990) proposed that children learn from consequences of behaviour. In other words if children experience pleasantness as a result of their behaviour, then they are likely to repeat that behaviour.

Detailed explanation-4: -B. F. Skinner demonstrated that behavior could be shaped through reinforcement and/or punishment. Skinner noted that a reinforcer is a consequence that increases the likelihood of behavior to recur, while punishment is a consequence that decreases the chance. Positive and negative are used in mathematical terms.

Detailed explanation-5: -Operant conditioning, sometimes referred to as instrumental conditioning, is a method of learning that uses rewards and punishment to modify behavior. Through operant conditioning, behavior that is rewarded is likely to be repeated, and behavior that is punished will rarely occur.