GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD
COGNITION AND EMOTIONS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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mental set
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confirmation bias
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functional fixedness
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prototype
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Detailed explanation-1: -Mental set, in basic terms, refers to the tendency to stick to solutions that have worked for you in the past when trying to solve a problem. In trying to make these familiar solutions work, you typically end up overlooking or ignoring other possible solutions. This phenomenon is also known as the Einstellung effect.
Detailed explanation-2: -A heuristic is another type of problem solving strategy. While an algorithm must be followed exactly to produce a correct result, a heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems.
Detailed explanation-3: -When using trial and error, you would continue to try different solutions until you solved your problem. Although trial and error is not typically one of the most time-efficient strategies, it is a commonly used one.
Detailed explanation-4: -A mental set is where you persist in approaching a problem in a way that has worked in the past but is clearly not working now. Functional fixedness is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for.