GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD
COGNITIVE THEORIES
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The space between what a learner can do without assistance and what a learner can do with adult guidance or in collaboration with more capable peers
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Talking to themselves out loud during play
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The role of teachers and others in supporting the learner’s development and providing support structures to get to that next stage or level
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Social interaction within the family and with knowledgeable members of the community
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Detailed explanation-1: -ZPD is defined by Vygotsky (1978) as “the distance between the actual developmental level as determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem solving under adult guidance or in collaboration with more capable peers” (p. 86).
Detailed explanation-2: -The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) was a key construct in Lev Vygotsky’s theory of learning and development. The Zone of Proximal Development is defined as the space between what a learner can do without assistance and what a learner can do with adult guidance or in collaboration with more capable peers.
Detailed explanation-3: -Zone of proximal development definition As the student becomes more competent, the expert gradually stops helping until the student can perform the skill by themselves. The idea of the ZPD came from a Russian psychologist named Lev Vygotsky in the early 1900s.
Detailed explanation-4: -The zone of proximal development indicates the difference between what a student can do without guidance and what he can achieve with the encouragement and guidance of a skilled partner. Therefore, the term “proximal” relates to those skills that the student is “close” to mastering.
Detailed explanation-5: -An example of the zone of proximal development is guiding a child through the steps of subtraction. Once the child masters these steps, he or she can work on subtraction independently. The zone of proximal development is the gap between the actual level of development and the level of potential development.