CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -children who develop this attribute their failures, not their successes, to ability. When they succeed, they conclude that external factors, such as luck, are responsible. Unlike their mastery-oriented counterparts, they believe that ability is fixed and cannot be improved by trying hard.

Detailed explanation-2: -Abstract. Helpless children attribute their failures to lack of ability and view them as insurmountable. Mastery-oriented children, in contrast, tend to emphasize motivational factors and to view failure as surmountable.

Detailed explanation-3: -Learned helplessness can lead to both anxiety and/or depression. Your child may develop the expectation that future events will be as uncontrollable as past ones. Essentially, your child may feel that there is nothing he can do to change the outcome of an event, so he tells himself he might as well not even try.

Detailed explanation-4: -They come to believe that they are unable to control or change the situation, so they do not try-even when opportunities for change become available. Psychologists first described learned helplessness in 1967 after a series of experiments on animals, suggesting that their findings could apply to humans.

Detailed explanation-5: -Mastery-oriented children and adolescents attribute their successes to stable, internal causes (such as high ability), their failures to unstable causes (lack of effort), and they retain an incremental view of ability.