CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Self-esteem rises from mid to late adolescence for most teenagers, especially if they feel competent in their peer relationships, their appearance, and athletic abilities (Birkeland, Melkivik, Holsen, & Wold, 2012).

Detailed explanation-2: -In adolescence, teens continue to develop their self-concept. Their ability to think of the possibilities and to reason more abstractly may explain the further differentiation of the self during adolescence. However, the teen’s understanding of self is often full of contradictions.

Detailed explanation-3: -Self-esteem levels tend to decrease in early adolescence and increase in later adolescence (Baldwin and Hoffmann 2002), but those who have lower levels of self-esteem than others at one time point are likely to have lower self-esteem than others at the following time point as well (Robins and Trzesniewski 2005).

Detailed explanation-4: -During adolescence, youth seek autonomy, particularly from parents, along with increased commitments to social aspects of identity and greater needs for connection with peers (8). Relatedly, self-evaluations become increasingly differentiated and complex across roles and relationships (9).

Detailed explanation-5: -Late adolescents have increased concern for others. Peer relationships remain important during this stage. More serious relationships likely develop at this time as late adolescents attempt to find mutually satisfying relationships. Social and cultural traditions regain some of their importance.