CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Michael Scriven coined the terms formative and summative evaluation in 1967, and emphasized their differences both in terms of the goals of the information they seek and how the information is used.

Detailed explanation-2: -The first reference to the term “formative” has roots in curriculum development and evaluation. Cronbach 1963 refers to the idea of using evaluation as a tool for improving curricular programs. Scriven 1967 builds on Cronbach’s work in proposing the term “formative” as a way of clarifying the roles of evaluation.

Detailed explanation-3: -17). The earliest reference to the terms formative evaluation and summative evaluation we know of stems from their use by Scriven (1967) in education and curriculum evaluation.

Detailed explanation-4: -The evolved form of formative assessment aims to improve teaching and learning by focusing on the learning process, particularly on the dialogue between the teacher and student, and it helps the student to become an autonomous learner.