CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Figure 1: Chromosomes are composed of DNA tightly-wound around histones. Chromosomal DNA is packaged inside microscopic nuclei with the help of histones. These are positively-charged proteins that strongly adhere to negatively-charged DNA and form complexes called nucleosomes.

Detailed explanation-2: -The entire structure is called a nucleosome, each of which includes an octamer of histone proteins and 146 to 147 base pairs of DNA. [2][3] The millions of nucleosomes tightly coil the continuous DNA strand into chromatin which is further condensed into the chromosome classically visualized during cell division.

Detailed explanation-3: -Condensing DNA into chromosomes prevents DNA tangling and damage during cell division.

Detailed explanation-4: -The DNA interacts with proteins to form chromatin; DNA is wrapped around special proteins called histones. A unit of DNA wrapped around 8 histones is called a nucleosome. Nucleosomes are also packed into 30 nm fibers, and then into chromatids. Chromatids are duplicated prior to cell division to form chromosomes.