GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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reliability may be low but the content validity of IQ tests is high.
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the heritability of intelligence is very high.
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the reliability of intelligence tests is close to zero.
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test performance is influenced by cultural experiences.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Tests can be biased if they treat groups unfairly or discriminate against diverse groups by, for example, “underestimating their potential or over-pathologizing their symptoms” (Suzuki et al., 1996, p. xiii).
Detailed explanation-2: -With possible explanations ranging education, test-taking ability, nutrition and genetics, at the ultimate level, our intelligence is fundamentally shaped by our cumulative cultural knowledge and its constituent products.
Detailed explanation-3: -According to some researchers, the “cultural specificity” of intelligence makes IQ tests biased towards the environments in which they were developed – namely white, Western society. This makes them potentially problematic in culturally diverse settings.