CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -substitutions-one or more sounds are substituted, which may result in loss of phonemic contrast (e.g., “thing” for “sing” and “wabbit” for “rabbit") additions-one or more extra sounds are added or inserted into a word (e.g., “buhlack” for “black")

Detailed explanation-2: -A phonemic error occurs when a person produces a sound that is a well-formed phoneme of the language but not one that was intended by the speaker or anticipated by the listener, as in examples 1a and 1b: 1a) They have a smole ‘smile’ (smole rhymes with mole) 1b) … coming out of the gar ‘jar’ (gar rhymes with bar)

Detailed explanation-3: -The three most common dispensing errors are: dispensing an incorrect medication, dosage strength or dosage form; miscalculating a dose; and failing to identify drug interactions or contraindications. Errors caused by drug administration can be made by the health care provider or by the patient themselves.