CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Social distance, as Ellis notes, concerns the extent to which individual learners can identify themselves with members of TL group and, thereby, can achieve contact with them. Psychological distance is the extent to which individual learners are at ease with their target-language learning task.

Detailed explanation-2: -Characteristics of Psychological Distance: The extent to which second language learners view their first language as fixed and rigid will impact their learning of the second language.

Detailed explanation-3: -Psychological distancing can refer to the temporal distancing of events in time. For example, events in the distant future are treated differently compared to events in the near future (Trope & Liberman, 2003). Psychological distancing describes our ability to separate ourselves from people whom we dislike.

Detailed explanation-4: -According to Menezes (2013) the acculturation theory, Krashen’s model, and the sociocultural theory all incorporate a strong emphasis on the social experiences one has with the language.

Detailed explanation-5: -The natural order hypothesis states that language is acquired in a particular order, and that this order does not change between learners, and is not affected by explicit instruction. The affective filter hypothesis.