CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Examples of ratio variables include: enzyme activity, dose amount, reaction rate, flow rate, concentration, pulse, weight, length, temperature in Kelvin (0.0 Kelvin really does mean “no heat”), survival time.

Detailed explanation-2: -In operant conditioning, a variable-ratio schedule is a partial schedule of reinforcement in which a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses. 1 This schedule creates a steady, high rate of response. Gambling and lottery games are good examples of a reward based on a variable-ratio schedule.

Detailed explanation-3: -In a variable ratio reinforcement schedule, the number of responses needed for a reward varies. This is the most powerful partial reinforcement schedule. An example of the variable ratio reinforcement schedule is gambling.

Detailed explanation-4: -A schedule of reinforcement in which a reinforcer is delivered after an average number of responses has occurred. For instance, a teacher may reinforce about every 5th time a child raises their hand in class-sometimes giving attention after 3 hand raises, sometimes 7, etc.