CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Behaviorists view generally the learner as passive who only responds to environmental stimuli. According to Watson (1930), “Behaviourism claims that consciousness is neither a definite nor a usable concept". The basic stimulus-response relationship drives to an observable change in behaviour (Ormrod, 1999).

Detailed explanation-2: -From a behaviorist perspective, the role of the learner is to be acted upon by the teacher-controlled environment. The teacher’s role is to manipulate the environment to shape behavior. Thus, the student is not an agent in the learning process, but rather an animal that instinctively reacts to the environment.

Detailed explanation-3: -Behaviorist learning theory emphasizes how people interact with their environment. Over time, these interactions (called “stimuli”) form particular behaviors. John Watson is largely seen as the father of behavioral psychology, though he never claimed to have founded the discipline.

Detailed explanation-4: -Based on his concept of reinforcement, Skinner taught that students learn best when taught by positive reinforcement and that students should be engaged in the process, not simply passive listeners. He hypothesized that students who are taught via punishment learn only how to avoid punishment.