CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The extent to which traits, abilities, or IQ scores may increase or decrease as a result of environmental factors is called: Reaction range. If four-year-old girl correctly answered questions on an intelligence exam similar to a five-year-old girl, she would be said to have a mental age of five.

Detailed explanation-2: -The term “intelligence-quotient, ” or IQ, was first coined by a German psychologist named William Stern. In 1912, he suggested that this mental age (MA) be divided by the chronological age (CA) for each child, which multiplied by 100 became the IQ. The number 100 is used as a multiplier to avoid the decimal point.

Detailed explanation-3: -An aptitude test is designed to assess what a person is capable of doing or to predict what a person is able to learn or do given the right education and instruction. It represents a person’s level of competency to perform a certain type of task.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Flynn effect refers to a secular increase in population intelligence quotient (IQ) observed throughout the 20th century (1–4). The changes were rapid, with measured intelligence typically increasing around three IQ points per decade.

Detailed explanation-5: -intelligence quotient: a standard measure of an individual’s intelligence level based on psychological tests. In the early years of intelligence testing, IQ was calculated by dividing the mental age by the chronological age and multiplying by 100 to produce a ratio IQ.