GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD
MEASUREMENT OF INTELLIGENCE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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There is no significant hereditary contribution to intelligence.
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There is no significant genetic or environmental effect on intelligence.
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There is no significant environmental contribution to intelligence.
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There is a genetic effect on intelligence.
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There is an environmental effect on intelligence.
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Detailed explanation-1: -The correlation between the IQ scores of fraternal twins raised together is lower than IQ scores of identical twins raised together. What conclusion can be drawn from this data? a. Nothing, because the type of twin has not been held constant.
Detailed explanation-2: -In this investigation, researchers found that identical twins raised together and identical twins raised apart exhibit a higher correlation between their IQ scores than siblings or fraternal twins raised together (Bouchard, Lykken, McGue, Segal, & Tellegen, 1990).
Detailed explanation-3: -Identical twins have stronger correlations because they share 100% of their genetic makeup. Fraternal twins only share 50% of their genes, which have a large influence on intelligence. The percentage for fraternal twins raised apart is only 35%, which shows that the environment also plays an important role.
Detailed explanation-4: -These studies showed that IQ is very heritable (although the environment still plays a role in determining your IQ). We can tell this because the IQ of identical twins are almost always the same and non-identical twins are only sometimes the same.
Detailed explanation-5: -Even when identical twins are adopted by two different families, their scores are very similar. Scans of identical twins’ brains reveal that gray-and white-matter volume is similar, and areas associated with verbal and spatial intelligence are virtually the same (Deary et al., 2009; Thompson et al., 2001).