CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -refers to the use of an aversive outcome, such as punishment or negative reinforcement, to control behavior, and eliminate undesirable behavior. AVERSIVE CONTROL: “The parent used aversive control on his or her teenager by adding a chore each time another chore was not completed in a timely manner."

Detailed explanation-2: -Positive punishment is when a bad thing is added and negative punishment is when a good thing is taken away. Since a good thing is taken away to decrease the likelihood that she will repeat her action, the removal of the phone is a negative punishment.

Detailed explanation-3: -Examples of this kind of control in human behavior include fines or incarceration by governmental agencies, disapproval or criticism by individuals, ostracism, anger, dismissal from employment, or nonresponsiveness in social interactions.

Detailed explanation-4: -Unconditioned aversive stimuli naturally result in pain or discomfort and are often associated with biologically harmful or damaging substances or events. Examples include extreme heat or cold, bitter flavors, electric shocks, loud noises and pain.