CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Positive punishment involves taking away a desired stimulus to weaken a behavior. Negative punishment involves applying an undesirable stimulus to weaken a behavior.

Detailed explanation-2: -Negative reinforcement: an undesirable stimulus is removed to encourage the behavior. Negative punishment (also called extinction): a desirable stimulus is removed to discourage the behavior.

Detailed explanation-3: -Time out is short-hand for “time out from positive reinforcement.” This means that there must be a reinforcer as well as a removal of that reinforcer for a specified time, following misbehavior.

Detailed explanation-4: -In negative punishment, you remove a pleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior. For example, when a child misbehaves, a parent can take away a favorite toy. In this case, a stimulus (the toy) is removed in order to decrease the behavior.

Detailed explanation-5: -In Applied Behavior Analysis verbiage (ABA), time out is considered a negative punishment procedure. The “negative” means something is removed and the “punishment” refers to decreasing a behavior.