CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Variable-ratio schedules occur when a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses. This schedule creates a high steady rate of responding. Gambling and lottery games are good examples of a reward based on a variable ratio schedule.

Detailed explanation-2: -In operant conditioning, a variable-ratio schedule is a partial schedule of reinforcement in which a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses. 1 This schedule creates a steady, high rate of response. Gambling and lottery games are good examples of a reward based on a variable-ratio schedule.

Detailed explanation-3: -Characteristics of Variable-Ratio Schedules It could be given immediately after the first response or the sixth one. It’s completely random. This can lead to higher rates of response in a quick time.

Detailed explanation-4: -The variable ratio schedule is unpredictable and yields high and steady response rates, with little if any pause after reinforcement (e.g., gambler). A fixed ratio schedule is predictable and produces a high response rate, with a short pause after reinforcement (e.g., eyeglass saleswoman).

Detailed explanation-5: -Gambling at a slot machine is an example of a variable ratio reinforcement schedule5. What is this? Gambling or lottery game rewards unpredictably. Each winning requires a different number of lever pulls.