GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD
OPERANT CONDITIONING
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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A mother gives her son praise for doing homework
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Sarah studies hard because it earns her “A” grades in English
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Dennis used to walk to school but does not do so anymore because he was attacked by a dog in the neighborhood last month.
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Bob washes the dishes in order to stop his mother’s nagging
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Detailed explanation-1: -Bob does the dishes (behavior) in order to avoid his mother nagging (negative stimulus). Natalie can get up from the dinner table (negative stimulus) when she eats 2 bites of her broccoli (behavior).
Detailed explanation-2: -Negative reinforcement is a method that can be used to help teach specific behaviors. With negative reinforcement, something uncomfortable or otherwise unpleasant is taken away in response to a stimulus. Over time, the target behavior should increase with the expectation that the unpleasant thing will be taken away.
Detailed explanation-3: -Examples of Negative Reinforcement Giving a pass to the car behind to avoid its honking. Getting up from the bed to avoid the noisy alarm. Taking an antacid before having a spicy meal. Applying sunscreen before heading to the beach to avoid getting sunburned.
Detailed explanation-4: -Skinner showed how negative reinforcement worked by placing a rat in his Skinner box and then subjecting it to an unpleasant electric current which caused it some discomfort. As the rat moved about the box it would accidentally knock the lever. Immediately it did so the electric current would be switched off.
Detailed explanation-5: -Negative reinforcement occurs when aversive or unpleasant events are taken away after the performance of a behavior.