GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD
OPERANT CONDITIONING
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Provide immediate reinforcement or punishment after the behavior occurs
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Find out what is reinforcing to the specific animal or person
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Avoid punishment when possible
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All of the above
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Detailed explanation-1: -Operant conditioning (also known as instrumental conditioning) is a process by which humans and animals learn to behave in such a way as to obtain rewards and avoid punishments. It is also the name for the paradigm in experimental psychology by which such learning and action selection processes are studied.
Detailed explanation-2: -A child is scolded (unpleasant event) for ignoring homework (undesirable behavior.) A parent gives a child a time-out (unpleasant consequence) for throwing tantrums (unwanted behavior.) The police gives a driver a ticket (unpleasant stimulus) for speeding (unwanted behavior.)
Detailed explanation-3: -Positive reinforcement describes the best known examples of operant conditioning: receiving a reward for acting in a certain way. Many people train their pets with positive reinforcement.
Detailed explanation-4: -B.F. Skinner (1904–1990) is referred to as the Father of operant conditioning, and his work is frequently cited in connection with this topic. His 1938 book “The Behavior of Organisms: An Experimental Analysis", initiated his lifelong study of operant conditioning and its application to human and animal behavior.