CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -(i) Hence Vygotsky assumes cognitive development varies across cultures, whereas Piaget states cognitive development is mostly universal across cultures. 2: Vygotsky places considerably more emphasis on social factors contributing to cognitive development (Piaget is criticized for underestimating this).

Detailed explanation-2: -Vygotsky argued that social learning preceded cognitive development. In other words, culture affects cognitive development. Whereas Piaget asserted that all children pass through a number of universal stages of cognitive development, Vygotsky believed that cognitive development varied across cultures.

Detailed explanation-3: -Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development Piaget’s theory of cognitive development proposes 4 stages of development. The sequence of the stages is universal across cultures and follow the same invariant (unchanging) order. All children go through the same stages in the same order (but not all at the same rate).

Detailed explanation-4: -According to Piaget, the stages follow an invariant and universal sequence regardless of culture, however, there are variations in the rate of progress through the cognitive stages, and these variations arise from differences in cultural influence and learning experiences.

Detailed explanation-5: -Similarities between Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s Theories: Both believed that cognitive conflict can initiate and further development. Both believed that egocentric speech is vital to the process of cognitive development. Both believed the child is an active participant in his or her own learning.