CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Piaget’s theory of child development fourth stage, the period of formal operations, begins at age 12 and extends into adulthood. It is characterized by an orderliness of thinking and a mastery of logical thought, allowing a more flexible kind of mental experimentation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Formal Operational Stage Adolescents who reach this fourth stage of intellectual development–usually at age 11-plus–are able to use symbols related to abstract concepts, such as algebra and science. They can think about things in systematic ways, come up with theories, and consider possibilities.

Detailed explanation-3: -Piaget stated that “hypothetical-deductive reasoning” becomes important during the formal operational stage. This type of thinking involves hypothetical “what-if” situations that are not always rooted in reality, i.e. counterfactual thinking.

Detailed explanation-4: -In the formal operational stage, children have the ability to systematically solve a problem in a logical and methodical way. They are capable of thinking about abstract and hypothetical ideas that lead to multiple solutions or possible outcomes.