GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD
PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING
|
Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
|
|
|
language transfer
|
|
|
strategies of second language learning
|
|
|
transfer of training
|
|
|
error fossilization
|
Detailed explanation-1: -According to Selinker and Lamendella (1978), fossilization is the phenomenon in which learners’ linguistic information gets cemented throughout the process of language acquisition, regardless of the learner’s ability, opportunity, and motivation to learn and acculturate.
Detailed explanation-2: -Cognitive strategies are one type of learning strategy that learners use in order to learn more successfully. These include repetition, organising new language, summarising meaning, guessing meaning from context, using imagery for memorisation.
Detailed explanation-3: -Fossilization refers to the process in which incorrect language becomes a habit and cannot easily be corrected. Example. Many advanced level learners who have Spanish as an L1 do not distinguish between ‘he’ and ‘she’. This could be a fossilized error. In the classroom.
Detailed explanation-4: -Selinker introduced the term ‘fossilization’ to the field of SLA in 1972. This early understanding of the concept presents it as one consisting of both a “cognitive mechanism” as well as a “performance-related structural notion” (Han 14).