CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD

REINFORCEMENT AND PUNISHMENT

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
If Karen is nice to her boyfriend all week he brings her flowers; she loves flowers (and her boyfriend) and is always nice to him now. Which operant conditioning consequence did Karen receive?
A
Positive Reinforcement
B
Positive Punishment
C
Negative Reinforcement
D
Negative Punishment
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Operant conditioning can also be used to decrease a behavior via the removal of a desirable outcome or the application of a negative outcome. For example, a child may be told they will lose recess privileges if they talk out of turn in class. This potential for punishment may lead to a decrease in disruptive behaviors.

Detailed explanation-2: -In an experiment known as the “Skinner box, ” Skinner placed a rat in a box with a lever that released food into the box. After the rat accidentally hit the lever enough times, it ultimately learned that its behavior (pulling the lever) led to a specific consequence (receiving food).

Detailed explanation-3: -For example, spanking a child when he throws a tantrum is an example of positive punishment. Something is added to the mix (spanking) to discourage a bad behavior (throwing a tantrum). On the other hand, removing restrictions from a child when she follows the rules is an example of negative reinforcement.

Detailed explanation-4: -Negative punishment is the opposite of positive punishment. It’s when you take something away from the child until the unwanted behavior changes. An easy example of negative punishment is taking away some sort of toy from the child if they are not staying on task or performing the preferred behavior.

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