GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD
REINFORCEMENT AND PUNISHMENT
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Positive Reinforcement
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Negative Reinforcement
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Positive Punishment
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Negative Punishment
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Detailed explanation-1: -Water, food, sleep, shelter, sex, and touch, among others, are primary reinforcers. Pleasure is also a primary reinforcer.
Detailed explanation-2: -Explanation: In operant conditioning, “negative” and “positive” refer to whether an unpleasant stimulus is taken away or a pleasant stimulus is added, respectively. “Reinforcement” increases the likelihood a behavior will occur, while “punishment” decreases the likelihood a behavior will occur.
Detailed explanation-3: -Answer and Explanation: The correct answer is C. When a dog plays dead she gets a treat in order to encourage her to repeat the behavior. The dog has learned that she will get a treat, positive reinforcement, for playing dead in this example.
Detailed explanation-4: -Behaviorism assumes humans are like animals, ignores the internal cognitive processes that underlie behavior, and focuses solely on changes in observable behavior. From a behaviorist perspective, the role of the learner is to be acted upon by the teacher-controlled environment.