CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Allopatric speciation (1) occurs when a species separates into two separate groups which are isolated from one another. A physical barrier, such as a mountain range or a waterway, makes it impossible for them to breed with one another.

Detailed explanation-2: -Geographic isolation occurs when two populations are separated by geographic barriers such as rivers, mountains, or bodies of water. For example, the Kaibab squirrel is a subspecies of the Abert’s squirrel that formed when a small population became isolated on the north rim of the Grand Canyon.

Detailed explanation-3: -In allopatric speciation, groups become reproductively isolated and diverge due to a geographical barrier. In sympatric speciation, reproductive isolation and divergence occur without geographical barriers-for example, by polyploidy.

Detailed explanation-4: -Two mechanisms of speciation are allopatric (“other fatherland”) and sympatric (“together in the fatherland”) forms. In both cases, a single population divides into two, and heritable differences eventually prevent gene flow between the two through reproductive isolation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Behavioral isolation, in which the behaviors involved in mating are so unique as to prevent mating, is a prezygotic barrier that can cause two otherwise compatible species to be uninterested in mating with each other.