COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

Detailed explanation-1: -Each DRAM memory cell is made up of a transistor and a capacitor within an integrated circuit, and a data bit is stored in the capacitor.

Detailed explanation-2: -In DRAM a bit is stored as the presence or absence of charge on a capacitor. During a read or write, the wordline goes high and the transistor connects the capacitor to the bitline. Whatever value is on the bitline (’1’ or ‘0’) gets stored or retrieved from the capacitor.

Detailed explanation-3: -The top-capacitor-type STC cell is another name for the capacitor-over-bit line (COB) stacked capacitor cell and widely used in current DRAM [10].

Detailed explanation-4: -Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) or flash memory uses a capacitor in an integrated circuit to store data bits. Ideal DRAM requires nonvolatility, low write and erase times, high density, and low power consumption.

Detailed explanation-5: -Dynamic RAM: ❖ A dynamic RAM (DRAM) is made with cells that store data as charge on capacitors. ❖ The presence or absence of charge in a capacitor is interpreted as a binary 1 or 0. Because capacitors have a natural tendency to discharge, dynamic RAMs require periodic charge refreshing to maintain data storage.