COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

Detailed explanation-1: -A vulnerability is a weakness that can be exploited by cybercriminals to gain unauthorized access to a computer system. After exploiting a vulnerability, a cyberattack can run malicious code, install malware, and even steal sensitive data.

Detailed explanation-2: -Out-of-date or Unpatched Software Similar to system misconfigurations, hackers tend to probe networks for unpatched systems that are easy targets. These unpatched vulnerabilities can be exploited by attackers to steal sensitive information.

Detailed explanation-3: -While a vulnerability refers to weaknesses in hardware, software, or procedures-the entryway for hackers to access systems-an exploit is the actual malicious code that cybercriminals use to take advantage of vulnerabilities and compromise the IT infrastructure.

Detailed explanation-4: -Exploitation is a piece of programmed software or script which can allow hackers to take control over a system, exploiting its vulnerabilities. Hackers normally use vulnerability scanners like Nessus, Nexpose, OpenVAS, etc. to find these vulnerabilities.

Detailed explanation-5: -A vulnerability, in information technology (IT), is a flaw in code or design that creates a potential point of security compromise for an endpoint or network. Vulnerabilities create possible attack vectors, through which an intruder could run code or access a target system’s memory.