COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

Detailed explanation-1: -Physical layer provides its services to Data-link layer. Data-link layer hands over frames to physical layer. Physical layer converts them to electrical pulses, which represent binary data. The binary data is then sent over the wired or wireless media.

Detailed explanation-2: -Physical The lowest layer of the OSI model is concerned with data communication in the form of electrical, optic, or electromagnetic signals physically transmitting information between networking devices and infrastructure.

Detailed explanation-3: -Data link layer is responsible for converting data stream to signals bit by bit and to send that over the underlying hardware. At the receiving end, Data link layer picks up data from hardware which are in the form of electrical signals, assembles them in a recognizable frame format, and hands over to upper layer.

Detailed explanation-4: -The major difference between the Hub and Switch is that Hub devices work at the physical layer and are responsible for transmitting the signal to the ports to respond to where the signal was received while the Switch devices enable the connection setting and terminate them based on the requirements.

Detailed explanation-5: -Simple, full-duplex, and half-duplex are some different transmission modes that are possible. Bit synchronization: The physical layer in the OSI model synchronizes the bits by providing a clock, which controls the sender and the receiver, providing us with synchronization at the bit level.