COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

Detailed explanation-1: -The log-normal distribution describes the random shadowing effect which occur over a large number of measurement locations which have the same T-R separation, but have different levels of clutter on the propagation path. This phenomenon is referred to as lognormal shadowing.

Detailed explanation-2: -Log distance path loss model is a generic model and an extension to Friis Free space model. It is used to predict the propagation loss for a wide range of environments, whereas, the Friis Free space model is restricted to unobstructed clear path between the transmitter & the receiver.

Detailed explanation-3: -Log-Normal Fading (Shadowing) is would allow us to predict how much vari-ability we can expect and compensate for this vari-ability by providing additional margin so as to pro-vide reliable coverage. Experimentally it has been found that the path loss in cluttered multipath environments is log-normally distributed.

Detailed explanation-4: -The log-distance path loss model is a radio propagation model that predicts the path loss a signal encounters inside a building or densely populated areas over distance.

Detailed explanation-5: -Average received signal power decreases with distance. Clarification: Both theoretical and measurement based propagation models indicate that average received signal power decreases logarithmically with distance. It is valid for both outdoor and indoor channels.