COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

Detailed explanation-1: -Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button.

Detailed explanation-2: -The ATmega328 is a single-chip microcontroller created by Atmel in the megaAVR family (later Microchip Technology acquired Atmel in 2016). It has a modified Harvard architecture 8-bit RISC processor core.

Detailed explanation-3: -The ATmega328P is the microcontroller that powers the Arduino Uno development board. The Arduino board makes it easy to interface with the pins on the ATmega328P while adding extra features that don’t come with the standalone microcontroller, including a USB serial interface and 16 MHz clock.

Detailed explanation-4: -Most Arduino boards consist of an Atmel 8-bit AVR microcontroller (ATmega8, ATmega168, ATmega328, ATmega1280, or ATmega2560) with varying amounts of flash memory, pins, and features.