COMPUTER NETWORKING

Detailed explanation-1: -IP is connectionless because it treats each packet of information independently. It is unreliable because it does not guarantee delivery, meaning, it does not require acknowledgments from the sending host, the receiving host, or intermediate hosts. IP provides the interface to the network interface level protocols.

Detailed explanation-2: -Remember that all of the transport-layer protocols (including TCP and UDP) use IP for their basic delivery services, and that IP is an unreliable protocol, providing no guarantees that datagrams or packets will reach their destination intact.

Detailed explanation-3: -UDP is a packet-oriented protocol, where one software component sends a packet and one or more software components may receive it. There is no guarantee that the packet will be delivered and the receiver does not provide an acknowledgment.