COMPUTER NETWORKING

Detailed explanation-1: -IPv6 uses 128-bit (2128) addresses, allowing 3.4 x 1038 unique IP addresses. This is equal to 340 trillion trillion trillion IP addresses. IPv6 is written in hexadecimal notation, separated into 8 groups of 16 bits by the colons, thus (8 x 16 = 128) bits in total.

Detailed explanation-2: -128 bit was chosen because it provides enough IPs that we can waste a lot of them on things like IPv4 compatibility mechanisms, convenience, etc; and ensure that we don’t need crap like NAT, restoring end-to-end routability to the Internet.

Detailed explanation-3: -The main advantage of IPv6 over IPv4 is its larger address space. The size of an IPv6 address is 128 bits, compared to 32 bits in IPv4. The address space therefore has 2128=340, 282, 366, 920, 938, 463, 463, 374, 607, 431, 768, 211, 456 addresses (340 undecillion, approximately 3.4×1038).

Detailed explanation-4: -::1/128-The loopback address is a unicast localhost address (corresponding to 127.0. 0.1/8 in IPv4). If an application in a host sends packets to this address, the IPv6 stack will loop these packets back on the same virtual interface.