COMPUTER NETWORKING

Detailed explanation-1: -Operating system (OS) vulnerabilities are exposures within an OS that allow cyberattackers to cause damage on any device where the OS is installed. An example of an attack that takes advantage of OS vulnerabilities is a Denial of Service (DoS) attack, where repeated fake requests clog a system so it becomes overloaded.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cyber attacks aim to disable, disrupt, destroy or control computer systems or to alter, block, delete, manipulate or steal the data held within these systems.

Detailed explanation-3: -Attacks are defined as passive and active. A passive attack is an attempt to understand or create use of data from the system without influencing system resources; whereas an active attack is an attempt to change system resources or influence their operation.