COMPUTER NETWORKING

Detailed explanation-1: -In IPv4, size of IP Addresses = 32 bits = 4 bytes. Maximum size of Options field = 40 bytes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Because that’s the way the spec was written. Because coding it on 4 bytes seemed enough at the time. IPv4 addresses consist of 4 ‘8 bit’ octets.

Detailed explanation-3: -The IP protocol identifies each computer connected to the network by its corresponding address. This address is a 32 bits number in Ipv4, that has to be unique for each server or computer, which we will call “host”. The IP addresses are usually represented as four decimal ciphers, of 8 bits each, separated by dots.