COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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the number of steps is (p-1)
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the number of steps is (p/2)
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no correct answer
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the numbers of steps depends on whether the number of processors is even or not:for an even number of processors is p/2, and for an idd number of [p/2]
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Detailed explanation-1: -Seven steps in all-to-all personalized communication on an eight-node hypercube. A procedure to perform all-to-all personalized communication on a d-dimensional hypercube. The message Mi, j initially resides on node i and is destined for node j.
Detailed explanation-2: -In one-to-all broadcast, one designated node, called source, has a packet which must be sent to all the other processors. It is the simplest and most fundamental collective communication operation.
Detailed explanation-3: -All-to-One Reduction One processor has a piece of data (of size m) and it needs to send it to everyone (one-to-all broadcast). The dual of one-to-all broadcast is all-to-one reduction. In all-to-one reduction, each processor has m units of data in individual buffer.
Detailed explanation-4: -One-to-all broadcast and all-to-one reduction are used in several important parallel algorithms including matrix-vector multiplication, Gaussian elimination, shortest paths, and vector inner product.