MCQ IN COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Detailed explanation-1: -Kernel runs in privileged mode so it has the power to talk to the hardware directly. The way it works is that Hardware makes an interrupt into the operating system. Once an interrupt is made, based on it’s priority, the interrupt is handled inside an Interrupt Service Routine.

Detailed explanation-2: -In general, the kernel interacts with its memory regions the same way as normal programs interact with theirs. The CPU uses the %rip register to load the next instruction from the code segment.

Detailed explanation-3: -Kernel acts as a bridge between applications and data processing performed at hardware level using inter-process communication and system calls. Kernel loads first into memory when an operating system is loaded and remains into memory until operating system is shut down again.

Detailed explanation-4: -The shell acts as an interface between the user and the kernel. When a user logs in, the login program checks the username and password, and then starts another program called the shell. The shell is a command line interpreter (CLI). It interprets the commands the user types in and arranges for them to be carried out.

Detailed explanation-5: -The kernel manages the system resources, including file systems, processes, and physical devices. The kernel provides applications with system services such as I/O management, virtual memory, and scheduling. The kernel coordinates interactions of all user processes and system resources.