CURRENT AFFAIRS

Detailed explanation-1: -Mushroom. In April 2016, a white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) modified using the CRISPR technique received de facto approval in the United States, after the USDA said it would not have to go through the agency’s regulatory process.

Detailed explanation-2: -The first artificial genetic modification accomplished using biotechnology was transgenesis, the process of transferring genes from one organism to another, first accomplished by Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen in 1973.

Detailed explanation-3: -1982: FDA approves the first consumer GMO product developed through genetic engineering: human insulin to treat diabetes.

Detailed explanation-4: -Chakrabarty had filed a patent on an organism in 1971 which had been fighting its way through the courts. His oil-digesting bacterial strain became the first engineered organism in history to be patented in the United States (Fig.

Detailed explanation-5: -GM is a technology that involves inserting DNA into the genome of an organism. To produce a GM plant, new DNA is transferred into plant cells. Usually, the cells are then grown in tissue culture where they develop into plants. The seeds produced by these plants will inherit the new DNA.