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Detailed explanation-1: -Lloyd Shapley and Alvin Roth have won the 2012 Nobel Prize in economics for helping to answer that question. Shapley, 89, is a professor emeritus at the University of California, Los Angeles, and Roth, 60, is a professor at Harvard University and Harvard Business School in Boston.

Detailed explanation-2: -The 2022 economic sciences laureates The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2022 was awarded to Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond, Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises”.

Detailed explanation-3: -The first prize in economics was awarded in 1969 to Ragnar Frisch and Jan Tinbergen “for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of economic processes". Two women have received the prize: Elinor Ostrom, who won in 2009, and Esther Duflo, who won in 2019.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel has been awarded 54 times to 92 laureates between 1969 and 2022. Click on the links to get more information.